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Guides

Wage & Hour Guides

Practical, accurate guides to U.S. wage and hour law covering overtime, minimum wage, exemptions, tipped pay and final paychecks, for workers, managers and HR teams.

How to Calculate Overtime Pay (2026 Guide)

A step-by-step guide to calculating overtime under the FLSA: the 40-hour rule, the regular rate, time and a half, and the states that require daily overtime.

6 min read
What Is Time and a Half? (And How to Calculate It)

Time and a half means 1.5× your hourly rate. Learn when it applies, how to calculate it for any wage, and common myths about weekends and holidays.

4 min read
2026 Minimum Wage by State: The Complete List

Every state's 2026 minimum wage, from the federal $7.25 floor up to $17.95 in Washington, D.C., plus which states raised pay in January 2026.

6 min read
Exempt vs Non-Exempt: Who Gets Overtime?

The difference between exempt and non-exempt employees, the 2026 salary threshold, and why a salary alone doesn't make you exempt from overtime.

5 min read
Final Paycheck Laws: When Is Your Last Check Due?

Final-paycheck deadlines by state for employees who are fired versus those who quit, from immediate payment to the next regular payday.

5 min read
Tipped Minimum Wage & the Tip Credit Explained

How the tip credit works, the $2.13 federal cash wage, and the seven states that ban the tip credit and require the full minimum wage before tips.

5 min read
California Overtime Rules: Daily OT, Double Time & the 7th Day

California's overtime rules go beyond the federal 40-hour week: 1.5× over 8 hours a day, 2× over 12, and special pay on the 7th consecutive workday.

6 min read
Do Salaried Employees Get Overtime?

Yes, many salaried workers are owed overtime. Learn when salaried employees qualify for overtime and how to check your own classification.

4 min read
How to Calculate Double Time Pay

Double time means 2× your hourly rate. Learn when it's required (mostly California), when it's just employer policy, and how to calculate it.

4 min read
PTO Payout & 'Use It or Lose It': What Your State Requires

Whether unused PTO must be paid out when you leave a job: the four states that require it, and how to value your accrued vacation.

4 min read
Overtime & Wage Compliance for Multi-State and Remote Teams

Remote teams trigger the wage and hour laws of every state employees work in. A practical guide to staying compliant across jurisdictions.

6 min read
January 2026 Minimum Wage Increases: Who Got a Raise

Nineteen states raised their minimum wage on January 1, 2026. See the new rates and what they mean for workers and employers.

5 min read
How to Convert a Salary to an Hourly Rate (and Back)

The simple formula to convert an annual salary to an hourly wage, why 2,080 hours is the standard year, and how to handle part-time and seasonal work.

4 min read
City vs State Minimum Wage: Which One Applies?

When a city or county sets a minimum wage above the state's, the higher local rate wins. How local minimum wages work in Seattle, NYC, LA, Chicago and more.

4 min read
Gross Pay vs Net Pay: What's the Difference?

Gross pay is what you earn; net pay is what you take home. The deductions that bridge the gap — FICA, withholding, and benefits — explained in plain terms.

4 min read
How to Read a Pay Stub: A Field-by-Field Guide

Every line on a pay stub has a meaning. Here's what gross pay, net pay, FICA, federal and state withholding, YTD, and deduction codes all mean.

4 min read
Independent Contractor vs Employee: Key Differences

Key differences between independent contractors and employees: who controls the work, who pays taxes, and how to spot worker misclassification.

5 min read
Break Laws by State: Meal & Rest Breaks Explained

Federal law does not require rest or meal breaks for adults, but many states do. A state-by-state summary of meal periods and paid rest-break rules.

5 min read
Wage Garnishment: How Much Can Be Taken?

Wage garnishment lets a creditor collect a debt directly from your paycheck. Federal law caps the amount; some states cap it lower. Here's how it works.

4 min read
Travel Time Pay: When Are You Owed for Commuting?

Travel time pay depends on whether travel is before or during your workday. FLSA rules for commuting, day travel, overnight travel, and emergency call-outs.

4 min read
Payroll Taxes: FICA, Social Security & Medicare

FICA taxes fund Social Security and Medicare. Employers and employees each pay 7.65% — 6.2% Social Security and 1.45% Medicare — on every paycheck.

4 min read
On-Call Pay: Do You Get Paid While on Standby?

On-call pay depends on whether you are restricted or unrestricted while waiting. The FLSA tests that determine when standby time counts as compensable hours.

4 min read
Tip Pooling Rules: Who Can Share in the Tip Pool?

Tip pooling lets employers distribute tips among employees. Under the FLSA, back-of-house staff can join a valid tip pool — but only under certain conditions.

4 min read
Regular Rate of Pay: The Overtime Calculation Base

The regular rate of pay is the base for overtime calculations, not just your hourly wage. How bonuses, commissions, and shift differentials raise the rate.

4 min read
Biweekly vs Semi-Monthly Pay: What's the Difference?

Biweekly pay means 26 paychecks a year; semi-monthly means 24. The difference affects benefit deductions, overtime calculations, and paycheck size.

4 min read
Overtime for Tipped Employees: How It Works

Tipped employees are owed overtime on the full minimum wage, not the cash wage. How to calculate overtime correctly for tipped workers under the FLSA.

4 min read